Albuquerque to San Pedro

XX.—Captain Whipple’s Route from Albuquerque, New Mexico, to San Pedro, California.

[Distances in miles and hundredths of a mile.]

Miles.
	Albuquerque to
0.88.	Atrisco.—Permanent running water.
12.16.	Isleta.—Permanent running water.
22.78.	Rio Puerco.—Water in holes.
18.30.	Rio Rita.—Permanent running water.
13.77.	Covera.— “.
14.66.	Hay Camp.— “.
17.71.	Sierra Madra.—No water.
8.06.	Agua Frio.—Permanent running water.
17.49.	Inscription Rock.—El Moro. Permanent springs.
14.23.	Ojo del Pescado.—Permanent springs.
11.74.	Zuñi.—Permanent running water.
8.83.	Arch Spring.—Permanent spring.

San Francisco Mountain
Upon Captain Whipple’s trail from Albuquerque to the Colorado River.

Miles.
10.77.	.........—No water.
19.69.	Jacob’s Well.—Permanent water-hole.
7.04.	Navajo Spring.—Permanent springs.
12.13.	Willow Creek.—Rio de la Jara. Water in holes.
10.87	Rio Puerco of the West.—Water in holes.
11.59.	Lithodendron Creek.—Permanent running water.
11.99.	Colorado Chiquito.— “.
14.42.	“.— “.
8.63.	“.— “.
4.94.	“.— “.
1.35.	“.— “.
4.90.	“.— “.
10.99.	“.— “.
15.88.	“.— “.
4.44.	“.— “.
1.51.	“.— “.
29.72.	Colinino Caves.—Permanent water-holes.
11.81.	Near San Francisco Spring.—No water; water 4 miles from camp.
10.46.	Leroux’s Spring.—Permanent water.
8.23.	...........—No water.
6.17.	...........—No water.
8.54.	New Year’s Spring—Permanent springs.
9.77.	Lava Creek—Water in hole.
9.89.	Cedar Creek—Water in holes.
13.26.	Partridge Creek—Water in hole.
3.89.	“.— “.
13.52.	“.— “.
0.87.	Picacho Creek.— “.
7.45.	............—No water.
8.69.	Turkey Creek.—Permanent running water.
5.71.	Pueblo Creek.— “.
6.67.	“.—Permanent water in holes.
5.98.	“.— “.
5.80.	Cañon Creek.— “.
12.16.	“.— “.
0.30.	“.—Water in holes.
11.29.	“.— “.
9.64.	Cactus Pass.—Permanent running water.
7.97.	White Cliff Creek.—Permanent running water.
11.60.	Big Horn Springs.—Permanent spring.
12.83.	Mouth of Cañon Creek.—permanent running water.
9.21.	“Big Sandy” Creek.— “.

Cañon on Bill Williams’s Fork.

Miles.
4.35.	“Big Sandy” Creek.—permanent running water.
6.21.	“.— “.
4.08.	“.— “.
6.10.	“.— “.
5.56.	“.— “.
6.44.	Mouth of Gib Sandy Creek.—Permanent running water as far as the Colorado River.
6.52.	Rio Santa Maria.
8.97.	“.
6.85.	“.
7.22.	“.
3.90.	“.
8.69.	“.
4.33.	Mouth of Rio Santa Maria.
4.74.	On Colorado River.
5.02.	“.
9.06.	“.
11.39.	“.
29.87.	“.
1.02.	Mojave Villages.
9.46.	Crossing of the Colorado River.

Artillery Peak.

0.33.	On Colorado River.
2.78.	On Colorado River.
20.71.	...............—The road, on leaving the Colorado, runs up over a gravelly ridge to a barren niesa, and descends the bed of the Mojave 4 or 5 miles above its mouth, and at 9 1/2 miles it passes springs near thepoint where the road turns around the western base of a mountain. There is no water at the camp, but grass in an arroya.
9.00.	Pai-Uté Creek.—This is a fine stream, with good water and grass.
13.00.	Arroyo.—Grass and wood; water is found by digging.
7.00.	Fine Spring.—Good water and grass. The wagon-road passes around the hills, but an Indian trail leads through the ravine where the spring is.
19.00.	Marl Spring.—This is a small but constant spring; excellent grass, and greasewood for fuel.
30.00.	Lake.—The road follows a ridge for some distance, then descends to an arroyo, and in a few miles emerges into a sandy plain, where there is the dry bed of a lake, which is firm, and makes a smooth, good road. The camp is at some marshy pools of water. Good grass, and greasewood for fuel.
12.00.	Mojave River.—Road passes through a valley of drifted sand, and at the camp strikes the river, which is here a beautiful stream of fresh water, 10 to 12 feet wide and a foot deep, with a hard, gravelly bottom. Grass in the hills near.
13.00.	Mojave River.—The road ascends the river, the banks of which are covered with fine grass and mesquite wood. Good camps along here.
20.00.	Mojave River.—The road leads up the river for a short distance, when it turns into an arrory, and ascends to a low mésa, and continues along the border of a level prairie covered with fine bunch-grass. It then enters the river bottom again, which is here several miles wide, and well wooded. Grass good.
20.00.	Mojave River.—Six miles from camp the road strikes the Mormon road, and crosses the stream near a Mormon camping-place. The trail runs along the river, which gets larger and has more timber on its banks as it is ascended. Good grass, wood, and water.
22.00.	Mojave River.—A short distance from camp the valley contracts, but the road is good. It leaves the valley and crosses a gravelly ridge, but enters it again. Good grass, wood, and water.
15.00.	Mojave River.—Road continues along the right bank of the river, in a southwest course, and crosses the river at camp. Good wood, water, and grass.
29.50.	Cajou Creek.—The road leaves the river at the crossing, and runs toward a break in the San Bernadino Mountains; it ascends a sharp hill and enters a cedar thicket; it then ascends to the summit of the Cajou Pass; thence over a spur of the mountains into an arroyo or creek in a ravine; thence along the dry channel of the Cajou Creek for two miles, where the water begins to run, and from thence the road is rough to camp.
7.00.	Cajou Creek.—Road continues along the creek to camp, and is rough. Wood, water, and grass at camp.
20.00.	Cocomouga’s Ranch.—On a pretty stream of running water. The road runs for six miles down the Cajou Creek, along its steep and rocky bed. It is here a good-sized stream. Captain Whipple’s road here leaves the San Bernadino road, and turns to the west along the base of the mountains toward Los Angeles; it then crosses a prairie and strikes the ranch of Cocomouga. Wood, water, and grass.
24.00.	Town of El Monté.—The road runs upon the northern border of a basin which is watered by many small streams, and is settled. The camp is on the pretty stream of San Gabriel, where there is a good camping-place.
14.25.	City of Los Angeles.—The road passes the Mission of San Gabriel, then enters a ravine among hills and broken ground; it then descends and crosses the river which waters the valley, and enters the city. There is a good camp upon the point of a ridge on the left bank of the river.
23.00.	San Pedro.—Good camp.

Randolph B. Marcy: The Prairie Traveler

Albuquerque to San Pedro